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xmpDM:startTime="1286400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="switch.pdf" xmpDM:startTime="1286400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="12154415611636377900jcartier_computer.svg.hi.png" xmpDM:startTime="1286400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="12154415611636377900jcartier_computer.svg.hi.png" xmpDM:startTime="1286400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="12154415611636377900jcartier_computer.svg.hi.png" xmpDM:startTime="1286400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1195431327409717356database_base_de_donn__01r.svg.hi.png" xmpDM:startTime="1286400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1195431327409717356database_base_de_donn__01r.svg.hi.png" xmpDM:startTime="1286400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="switch.pdf" xmpDM:startTime="1286400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="12154415611636377900jcartier_computer.svg.hi.png" xmpDM:startTime="1286400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="12154415611636377900jcartier_computer.svg.hi.png" xmpDM:startTime="1286400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1195431327409717356database_base_de_donn__01r.svg.hi.png" xmpDM:startTime="1286400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="1286400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Trend 6: Orchestration of Switches to Orchestration of Multi-Cloud Orchestrating devices to Orchestrating Clouds Micro-Service placement and optimization in multi-clouds" xmpDM:startTime="1345167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Orchestrator Datacenter Applications Global Applications Orchestrator Cloud Cloud Cloud Ref: Subharthi Paul, Raj Jain, Mohammed Samaka, Jianli Pan, &quot;Application Delivery" xmpDM:startTime="1345167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="in Multi-Cloud Environments using Software Defined Networking,&quot; Computer Networks Special Issue on cloud networking and communications, December 2013, http://www.cse.wustl.edu/~jain/papers/comnet14.htm" xmpDM:startTime="1345167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="1345167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Network Function Virtualization (NFV) Network Functions on Virtual Machines in a cloud MME RNC IMS Hardware Set Top Box CGNAT" xmpDM:startTime="1459967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Residential Gateway Hardware home home home hi-resolution-android.jpg" xmpDM:startTime="1459967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="iphone-high-resolution.png" xmpDM:startTime="1459967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="hi-resolution-android.jpg" xmpDM:startTime="1459967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cell_Tower.jpg" xmpDM:startTime="1459967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MME RNC IMS Residential Gateway CGNAT Set Top Box Service Provider 1 man_with_computer_2.jpeg" xmpDM:startTime="1459967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="happy-computer-clip-art-free Service Provider 2 Ref: Raj Jain and Subharthi Paul, &quot;Network Virtualization and Software Defined Networking for Cloud Computing -" xmpDM:startTime="1459967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A Survey,&quot; IEEE Communications Magazine, Nov 2013, pp." xmpDM:startTime="1459967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="24-31, http://www.cse.wustl.edu/~jain/papers/net_virt.htm" xmpDM:startTime="1459967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="1459967" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Problems with Virtual Machines Each VM requires an operating system (OS) Each OS requires a license Þ CapEx Each OS" xmpDM:startTime="1525367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="has its own compute and storage overhead Needs maintenance, updates Þ OpEx VM Tax = added CapEx + OpEx Hypervisor" xmpDM:startTime="1525367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="VM OS App VM OS App VM OS App Physical Hardware" xmpDM:startTime="1525367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Trend 7: Virtualization to Containerization Run many apps in the same virtual machine These apps share the OS and its" xmpDM:startTime="1590200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="overhead Can’t access each other’s resources without explicit permission Like apartments in a complex Þ Containers Image result for Apartments" xmpDM:startTime="1590200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Image result for house with a swimming pool Image result for house with a swimming pool Image result for house" xmpDM:startTime="1590200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="with a swimming pool Image result for house with a swimming pool" xmpDM:startTime="1590200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Kata Containers Containers do have less security than VMs Kata Containers = VM + Container hybrid Combines “Intel Clear Containers”" xmpDM:startTime="1656167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="and “HyperV runV” Open source project under OpenStack Foundation Performance like containers, isolation and security like VMs Package once and" xmpDM:startTime="1656167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="run anywhere VMware, Google, and Amazon are all moving towards this approach Ref: https://katacontainers.io/" xmpDM:startTime="1656167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="https://www.forbes.com/sites/janakirammsv/2017/12/11/why-kata-containers-is-good-for-the-industry-and-customers/2/#3d8cc2e9404f" xmpDM:startTime="1656167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="1656167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Standards are Slow Initially, Standards Þ Interoperability Iff all companies implement the same way Standards = Compromises Þ We agree" xmpDM:startTime="1696367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="to disagree All differing opinions are part of the standard as option Different companies choose different options Þ No Interoperability" xmpDM:startTime="1696367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Need Interoperability organizations WiFi Þ Approves the subset of standard that is mandatory All this introduces delay Þ The standard" xmpDM:startTime="1696367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="out of date when it is ready for implementation IEEE 802.11ah-2016" xmpDM:startTime="1696367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Long-Range WiFi for IoT." xmpDM:startTime="1696367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Started 2010." xmpDM:startTime="1696367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Taken over by competition: ZigBee, LoraWAN, … Ref: http://www.ieee802.org/11/Reports/802.11_Timelines.htm" xmpDM:startTime="1696367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="1696367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Standards are not Open Open Þ Anyone can implement it without fee IETF allows “non-discriminatory and reasonable licensing fee” Þ" xmpDM:startTime="1879533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Not really open Open Source Initiative (OSI) Criteria: No intentional secrets Free and publicly available All patents must be royalty-free" xmpDM:startTime="1879533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="for unrestricted use No license agreements, NDA, or paperwork to implement Not dependent on non-open standards Ref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_standard," xmpDM:startTime="1879533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="https://opensource.org/osr" xmpDM:startTime="1879533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="1879533" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Trend 8: Standards to Open Source SW Standardization to Rough Consensus and Running Code IETF has ~100 working groups Open" xmpDM:startTime="2515867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Linux Foundation has &gt;100 open source networking projects." xmpDM:startTime="2515867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Their website can’t be kept uptodate." xmpDM:startTime="2515867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="4 Opens: Open Source Open Design Open Development Open Community" xmpDM:startTime="2515867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Blockchains Blockchain is the technology that made Bitcoin secure Blockchain was invented by the inventor of Bitcoin After Bitcoin became" xmpDM:startTime="2610367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="successful, people started looking into the technology behind Bitcoin and found: Blockchain is the key for its success Two complete" xmpDM:startTime="2610367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="strangers can complete a transaction/contract without a third party" xmpDM:startTime="2610367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Trends and Issues in Softwarization of Networks: What’s In, What’s Out Raj Jain Washington University in Saint Louis Jain@wustl.edu" xmpDM:startTime="2617333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Invited Talk at Hong Kong University of Science and Technology, Hong Kong, Nov." xmpDM:startTime="2617333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="8, 2018 These slides and recording of this talk are available on-line at: http://www.cse.wustl.edu/~jain/talks/hkust18.htm" xmpDM:startTime="2617333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cloud Cloud Cloud Orchestrator" xmpDM:startTime="2617333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What has changed in the last five years? What has happened to SDN, NFV, and Clouds? What’s in, what’s out?" xmpDM:startTime="2618133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Overview" xmpDM:startTime="2618133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Selecting the Right Problems Important question for students, academics, entrepreneurs, and companies Goal: To impact Follow the paradigm shifts: 1980:" xmpDM:startTime="2618600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ethernet 1990: ATM Networks 2000: Optical Networks 2005: Wireless Networks 2010: Next Generation Internet/SDN 2013: Multi-Cloud Computing 2018: Whatever is" xmpDM:startTime="2618600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="being hyped this year?" xmpDM:startTime="2618600" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Gartner Hype Cycle 2018 VC investment Acquisitions By large corporations Mass Production Note: No SDN, NFV, … Ref: M." xmpDM:startTime="2619033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Walker, &quot;Hype Cycle for Emerging Technologies, 2018,&quot; Gartner Report G00340159, 6 Aug." xmpDM:startTime="2619033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="2018, 73 pp." xmpDM:startTime="2619033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="2619033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Trend 1: SDN to Disaggregation SDN was invented in 2009 Then: SDN: Separation of control and data planes Centralization of" xmpDM:startTime="2656667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Control Standard Protocol between the planes Now: Software Defined = Disaggregation of HW/SW Commodity hardware Software that runs on commodity" xmpDM:startTime="2656667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="HW Legacy protocols survive Control Plane Data Plane Data Plane … Orchestrator SW … HW SW HW Ref: D." xmpDM:startTime="2656667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="M Batista, G." xmpDM:startTime="2656667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Blair, F." xmpDM:startTime="2656667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Kon, R." xmpDM:startTime="2656667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Boutaba, D." xmpDM:startTime="2656667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Hutchison, R." xmpDM:startTime="2656667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Jain, R." xmpDM:startTime="2656667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ramjee, C." xmpDM:startTime="2656667" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Rothenberg, &quot;Perspectives on software-defined networks: interviews with five leading scientists from the 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xmpDM:startTime="2657133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="SW on Branded HW Ref: A." xmpDM:startTime="2657133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Lerner, “Branded Switching + White-Box Switching = Brite-Box Switching,” Nov 14, 2014, https://blogs.gartner.com/andrew-lerner/2014/11/19/britefuture/" xmpDM:startTime="2657133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="HW SW HW SW HW SW HW SW" xmpDM:startTime="2657133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="White Box Switches Switches by EdgeCore Networks (ACTON), Quanta, HPE, DNI, Dell, Mellanox, Delta Agema, Celestica, Alpha Networks, Ingrasys, Inventec," xmpDM:startTime="2657200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Netberg Switching ASICs by Broadcom, Marvell, Intel/Fulcrum, Mellanox, Barefoot, and Cavium CPUs: Intel Rangeley/Atom, Freescale, ARM A9 Ref: ONL Hardware" 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xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="iphone-high-resolution.png" xmpDM:startTime="2658033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="hi-resolution-android.jpg" xmpDM:startTime="2658033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Cell_Tower.jpg" xmpDM:startTime="2658033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="MME RNC IMS Residential Gateway CGNAT Set Top Box Service Provider 1 man_with_computer_2.jpeg" xmpDM:startTime="2658033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="happy-computer-clip-art-free Service Provider 2 Ref: Raj Jain and Subharthi Paul, &quot;Network Virtualization and Software Defined Networking for Cloud Computing -" xmpDM:startTime="2658033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="A Survey,&quot; IEEE Communications Magazine, Nov 2013, pp." xmpDM:startTime="2658033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="24-31, http://www.cse.wustl.edu/~jain/papers/net_virt.htm" xmpDM:startTime="2658033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="2658033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Problems with Virtual Machines Each VM requires an operating system (OS) Each OS requires a license Þ CapEx Each OS" xmpDM:startTime="2658200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="has its own compute and storage overhead Needs maintenance, updates Þ OpEx VM Tax = added CapEx + OpEx Hypervisor" xmpDM:startTime="2658200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="VM OS App VM OS App VM OS App Physical Hardware" xmpDM:startTime="2658200" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Trend 7: Virtualization to Containerization Run many apps in the same virtual machine These apps share the OS and its" xmpDM:startTime="2658367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="overhead Can’t access each other’s resources without explicit permission Like apartments in a complex Þ Containers Image result for Apartments" xmpDM:startTime="2658367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Image result for house with a swimming pool Image result for house with a swimming pool Image result for house" xmpDM:startTime="2658367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="with a swimming pool Image result for house with a swimming pool" xmpDM:startTime="2658367" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Kata Containers Containers do have less security than VMs Kata Containers = VM + Container hybrid Combines “Intel Clear Containers”" xmpDM:startTime="2658500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="and “HyperV runV” Open source project under OpenStack Foundation Performance like containers, isolation and security like VMs Package once and" xmpDM:startTime="2658500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="run anywhere VMware, Google, and Amazon are all moving towards this approach Ref: https://katacontainers.io/" xmpDM:startTime="2658500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="https://www.forbes.com/sites/janakirammsv/2017/12/11/why-kata-containers-is-good-for-the-industry-and-customers/2/#3d8cc2e9404f" xmpDM:startTime="2658500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="2658500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Standards are Slow Initially, Standards Þ Interoperability Iff all companies implement the same way Standards = Compromises Þ We agree" xmpDM:startTime="2658700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="to disagree All differing opinions are part of the standard as option Different companies choose different options Þ No Interoperability" xmpDM:startTime="2658700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Need Interoperability organizations WiFi Þ Approves the subset of standard that is mandatory All this introduces delay Þ The standard" xmpDM:startTime="2658700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="out of date when it is ready for implementation IEEE 802.11ah-2016" xmpDM:startTime="2658700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Long-Range WiFi for IoT." xmpDM:startTime="2658700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Started 2010." xmpDM:startTime="2658700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Taken over by competition: ZigBee, LoraWAN, … Ref: http://www.ieee802.org/11/Reports/802.11_Timelines.htm" xmpDM:startTime="2658700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="2658700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Standards are not Open Open Þ Anyone can implement it without fee IETF allows “non-discriminatory and reasonable licensing fee” Þ" xmpDM:startTime="2658900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Not really open Open Source Initiative (OSI) Criteria: No intentional secrets Free and publicly available All patents must be royalty-free" xmpDM:startTime="2658900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="for unrestricted use No license agreements, NDA, or paperwork to implement Not dependent on non-open standards Ref: https://en.wikipedia.org/wiki/Open_standard," xmpDM:startTime="2658900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="https://opensource.org/osr" xmpDM:startTime="2658900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="2658900" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Trend 8: Standards to Open Source SW Standardization to Rough Consensus and Running Code IETF has ~100 working groups Open" xmpDM:startTime="2659767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Linux Foundation has &gt;100 open source networking projects." xmpDM:startTime="2659767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Their website can’t be kept uptodate." xmpDM:startTime="2659767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="4 Opens: Open Source Open Design Open Development Open Community" xmpDM:startTime="2659767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Blockchains Blockchain is the technology that made Bitcoin secure Blockchain was invented by the inventor of Bitcoin After Bitcoin became" xmpDM:startTime="2660167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="successful, people started looking into the technology behind Bitcoin and found: Blockchain is the key for its success Two complete" xmpDM:startTime="2660167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="strangers can complete a transaction/contract without a third party" xmpDM:startTime="2660167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Example of a Contract: Wedding chinese_wedding_registration chinese_wedding_social" xmpDM:startTime="2820333" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Wedding (Cont) Centralized Decentralized Centralized registry Single point of failure Easier to hacked Decentralized No single point of failure Very" xmpDM:startTime="2896167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="difficult to hack chinese_wedding_registration chinese_wedding_social" xmpDM:startTime="2896167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Trend: Centralized to Decentralized Trend: Make everything decentralized with no central point of trust Two perfect strangers can exchange money," xmpDM:startTime="3002467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="make a contract without a trusted third party Decentralized systems are More secure: Attack tolerant No single bottleneck More reliable:" xmpDM:startTime="3002467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Fault tolerant No single point of control Þ No monopoly Blockchain is one way to do this among untrusted multi-domain" xmpDM:startTime="3002467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="systems." xmpDM:startTime="3002467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Time is a cycle: Decentralized vs." xmpDM:startTime="3002467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Centralized debate" xmpDM:startTime="3002467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Examples of Centralized Systems Banks: Allow money transfer between two accounts City Records Voting Authorities Networks: Certificate Authorities, DNS In" xmpDM:startTime="3141933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="all cases: There is a central third party to be trusted Central party maintains a large database of information Þ" xmpDM:startTime="3141933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Attracts Hackers Central party may be hacked Þ affects millions Central party is a single point of failure." xmpDM:startTime="3141933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Can malfunction or be bribed." xmpDM:startTime="3141933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Ref: Tara Salman, Maede Zolanvari, Aiman Erbad, Raj Jain, and Mohammed Samaka, &quot;Security Services Using Blockchains:A State of the Art" xmpDM:startTime="3141933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Survey&quot; IEEE Communications Surveys and Tutorials, Accepted September 2018, 28 pp.," xmpDM:startTime="3141933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="http://www.cse.wustl.edu/~jain/papers/bcs.htm" xmpDM:startTime="3141933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="3141933" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Networking Applications of Blockchains Multi-Domain Systems: Multiple Cloud Service Providers Multiple cellular providers Multi-Interface devices: WiFi, Cell, Bluetooth, … BGP:" xmpDM:startTime="3551167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="BGP Authentication Globally Centralized Systems: DNS Public Key Infrastructure (PKI): Certificate authorities are single point of failure Data ownership and" xmpDM:startTime="3551167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="privacy, Data provenance, Integrity assurance Explore blockchains for multi-domain/centralized systems" xmpDM:startTime="3551167" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Blockchain Challenges High computational cost Þ 7 bitcoin transactions per second vs." xmpDM:startTime="3624500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1,700 visa credit card transactions Software bugs Þ Stolen money Þ Forking in Ethereum All data is public in public" xmpDM:startTime="3624500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="blockchains" xmpDM:startTime="3624500" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Smart Everything ANd9GcS7WoEOjzeTQQV_XVlAxfX9tslO5p3RlgX2X9PRehm7DcaxDjhy Smart Health ANd9GcTV6yF-Mi2dwlNDEEEgkPQP-9rfAhqIUUOUt9kCUQWJKWsrtxao Smart Home ANd9GcQE5LAwv1brqIs0MNddbB9kalv1giZzE5OU4ehj4R4t1yRxAyVcBw Smart TV Smart Watch ANd9GcRaAwop1YgpXn2mw5fVZntjrV3YgHf31kwhvqY84alExdlcJ4GZ ANd9GcTHt6B3EIdN8TqPG7jacJXLAjQoIxVkQ7HPGeeWySzjZt1TfEgx Smart Cities Smart Industries ANd9GcQee1Gjc5OKCSIi18HR1qfCWxRdSWna-yfWmPjqu4VLCVuoFjtB9g" xmpDM:startTime="3707133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="ANd9GcQkjYTq32uttQBQsArlKmrL7zuAJflIysfYsG6fa5mr-WKM-HHz8g Smart Car Smart Kegs smart_space Smart Space" xmpDM:startTime="3707133" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What’s Smart? Old: Smart = Can think Þ Computation = Can Recall Þ Storage Now: Smart = Can find quickly," xmpDM:startTime="3708767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Can Delegate Þ Communicate = Networking Smart Grid, Smart Meters, Smart Cars, Smart homes, Smart Cities, Smart Factories, Smart Smoke" xmpDM:startTime="3708767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Detectors, … Smart = Apply the latest technology to solve problems smart_man Not-Smart Smart reading_man wifi" xmpDM:startTime="3708767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Machine Learning Challenges Machine learning is currently a blackbox ML algorithms are developed/used without domain expertise Data cleanliness, labeling, feature" xmpDM:startTime="3814767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="extractions, all require domain knowledge, e.g.," xmpDM:startTime="3814767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="What is the distance between Port 80, Port 81, and Port 8080? Data Imbalance (1 in a million packet is" xmpDM:startTime="3814767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="an attack packet)." xmpDM:startTime="3814767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Use Synthetic data is used Þ Garbage-In, Garbage-Out Results are stated without model validation." xmpDM:startTime="3814767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Explainability issue Þ No idea of why the results are what they are ML Random Available Dataset Conclusions" xmpDM:startTime="3814767" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Trend 11: Managed to Self-Driven Networks Self-Discover: Find its components Self-Organize and Self-configure: Trending." xmpDM:startTime="3962700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Predict." xmpDM:startTime="3962700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Auto-Manage = Auto-BSS (bill)/Auto-OSS (provision) Self-Monitor: Counters and Probes." xmpDM:startTime="3962700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Telemetry Self-Diagnose and Self-Heal: Self-Report to human operator Ref: Kireerti Kompella, https://datatracker.ietf.org/meeting/98/materials/slides-98-nmrg-self-driving-networks" xmpDM:startTime="3962700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Image result for sleeping at work Network Manager Image result for self-driving cars" xmpDM:startTime="3962700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Intent-Based Policy Management Intent: Tell what you want." xmpDM:startTime="4008233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Not how you want it done." xmpDM:startTime="4008233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="E.g.," xmpDM:startTime="4008233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Tell Google maps where you want to go." xmpDM:startTime="4008233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Not how to." xmpDM:startTime="4008233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Invariance: Intent doesn’t change if the network changes, devices fail, … Portability: Independent of infrastructure, equipment vendors, service providers, protocols" xmpDM:startTime="4008233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="used, media used, … Compose-ability: Can use any infrastructure, … Scalable: From one to billions." xmpDM:startTime="4008233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Single controllers not scalable." xmpDM:startTime="4008233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Action requires context: Actions need to adopt to changes in infrastructure OpenDaylight has a new project on Network Intent Composition" xmpDM:startTime="4008233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="(NIC) Ref: https://www.sdxcentral.com/articles/contributed/network-intent-summit-perspective-david-lenrow/2015/02/" xmpDM:startTime="4008233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="https://wiki.opendaylight.org/view/Project_Proposals:Network_Intent_Composition" xmpDM:startTime="4008233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="4008233" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Summary Networking is changing faster than PhD research cycles For impact/success, publishing is not sufficient." xmpDM:startTime="4040700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Implement your research in open source SW." xmpDM:startTime="4040700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="4040700" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Related Papers Multi-Cloud: Deval Bhamare, Mohammed Samaka, Aiman Erbad, Raj Jain, Lav Gupta, H." xmpDM:startTime="4080033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Anthony Chan, &quot;Optimal Virtual Network Function Placement and Resource Allocation in Multi-Cloud Service Function Chaining Architecture,&quot; Computer Communications, Vol." xmpDM:startTime="4080033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="102, April 2017, pp." xmpDM:startTime="4080033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="1-16, http://www.cse.wustl.edu/~jain/papers/comcom17.htm" xmpDM:startTime="4080033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Deval Bhamare, Raj Jain, Mohammed Samaka, Aiman Erbad, &quot;A Survey on Service Function Chaining,&quot; Journal of Network and Computer Applications," xmpDM:startTime="4080033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Vol." xmpDM:startTime="4080033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="75, Nov 2016, pp." xmpDM:startTime="4080033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="138-155, http://www.cse.wustl.edu/~jain/papers/jnca16.htm" xmpDM:startTime="4080033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Lav Gupta, Prof Raj Jain, Prof Mohammed Samaka, Prof Aiman Erbad, and Dr." xmpDM:startTime="4080033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Deval Bhamare, &quot;Performance Evaluation of Multi-Cloud Management and Control Systems,&quot; Recent Advances in Communications and Network Technology, 2016, Vol." xmpDM:startTime="4080033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="5, Issue 1, pp." xmpDM:startTime="4080033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="9-18, http://www.cse.wustl.edu/~jain/papers/racnt.htm" xmpDM:startTime="4080033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Subharthi Paul, Raj Jain, Mohammed Samaka, Aiman Erbaud, &quot;Service Chaining for NFV and Delivery of other Applications in a Global" xmpDM:startTime="4080033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Multi-Cloud Environment,&quot; 21st Annual International Conference on Advanced Computing and Communications (ADCOM) 2015, Chennai, India, September 18-20, 2015, http://www.cse.wustl.edu/~jain/papers/adn_in15.htm" xmpDM:startTime="4080033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="4080033" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Related Papers (Cont) Edge Computing: Lav Gupta, Raj Jain, H." xmpDM:startTime="4080400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Anthony Chan, &quot;Mobile Edge Computing - an important ingredient of 5G Networks,&quot; IEEE Softwarization Newsletter, March 2016, http://sdn.ieee.org/newsletter/march-2016/mobile-edge-computing-an-important-ingredient-of-5g-networks" xmpDM:startTime="4080400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Deval Bhamare, Aiman Erbad, Raj Jain, Mohammed Samaka, &quot;Automated Service Delivery Platform for C-RANs,&quot; The IEEE Third International Workshop on" xmpDM:startTime="4080400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Mobile Cloud Computing systems, Management, and Security (MCSMS) 2017, Valencia Spain, May 8-11, 2017, http://www.cse.wustl.edu/~jain/papers/mcsms17.htm," xmpDM:startTime="4080400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="4080400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Related Papers (Cont) Micro-Services: Deval Bhamare, Mohammed Samaka, Aiman Erbad, Raj Jain, Lav Gupta, &quot;Exploring Micro-Services for Enhancing Internet QoS,&quot;" xmpDM:startTime="4080867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Transactions on Emergin Telecommunications Technologies, Accepted June, 2018, ISSN: 2161-3915, DOI: 10.1002/ett.3445," xmpDM:startTime="4080867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="http://www.cse.wustl.edu/~jain/papers/ms_ett18.htm" xmpDM:startTime="4080867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Deval Bhamare, Aiman Erbad, Raj Jain, Maede Zolanvari, Mohammed Samaka, &quot;Efficient Virtual Network Function Placement Strategies for Cloud Radio Access" xmpDM:startTime="4080867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Networks,&quot; Computer Communications, Volume 127, May 2018, pp." xmpDM:startTime="4080867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="50-60, ISSN 0140-3664, DOI:10.1016/j.comcom.2018.05.004" xmpDM:startTime="4080867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Deval Bhamare, Mohammed Samaka, Aiman Erbad, Raj Jain, Lav Gupta, H." xmpDM:startTime="4080867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Anthony Chan, &quot;Multi-Objective Scheduling of Micro-Services for Optimal Service Function Chains,&quot; International Conference on Communications (ICC 2017), May 21-25, 2017," xmpDM:startTime="4080867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="http://www.cse.wustl.edu/~jain/papers/icc17.htm" xmpDM:startTime="4080867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="4080867" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Related Papers (Cont) Micro-Services (Cont): Deval Bhamare, Raj Jain, Mohammed Samaka, Gabor Vaszkun, Aiman Erbad, &quot;Multi-Cloud Distribution of Virtual Functions" xmpDM:startTime="4081467" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="and Dynamic Service Deployment: OpenADN Perspective,&quot; 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9th IEEE Annual Ubiquitous Computing," xmpDM:startTime="4082400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Electronics &amp; Mobile Communication Conference (UEMCON 2018), New York, NY, November 8-10, 2018, 9 pp.," xmpDM:startTime="4082400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="http://www.cse.wustl.edu/~jain/papers/pbc_uem.htm" xmpDM:startTime="4082400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="" xmpDM:startTime="4082400" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Related Talks/Class Lectures Raj Jain, “CSE 570: Recent Advances in Networking,” Spring 2018, http://www.cse.wustl.edu/~jain/cse570-18/index.html" xmpDM:startTime="4082800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Raj Jain, &quot;Blockchains: Networking Applications,&quot; An invited talk at the 38th IEEE Sarnoff Symposium, Newark, NJ, Sep 19, 2017, http://www.cse.wustl.edu/~jain/talks/blc_srnf.htm" xmpDM:startTime="4082800" xmpDM:duration="1000"/></rdf:li><rdf:li><rdf:Description xmpDM:name="Raj Jain, &quot;The Catch-up Game: Quest for the Impact,&quot; 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